Artykuły

Ethnic origins and number of victims of Auschwitz

1.3 million deportees

The German Nazis deported to Auschwitz at least 1.3 million people of more than 20 nationalities. Of that amount, 400 thousand were registered and incarcerated in the concentration camp as prisoners while 900 thousand were murdered in the gas chambers on arrival. Jews constituted 85% of all deportees and 90% of those who were murdered.

1.1 million murdered

From among 1.3 million Auschwitz deportees, at least 1.1 million were murdered:

  • 900 thousand Jews murdered in the gas chambers immediately on arrival at the camp;
  • Of the 400 thousand prisoners registered in the camp, 200 thousand people died there. They included almost 100 thousand Jews, 64 thousand Poles, 21 thousand Roma, 14 thousand Soviet prisoners of war and more than 10 thousand prisoners of other nationalities.

Total number of deportees and murdered in Auschwitz

Nationality/Category

Number of deportees

Percentage of the total number of deportees

Number of victims

Percentage of murdered within the category/nationality

Percentage of all victims

Jews

1.1 million

85%

~1 million

90%

91%

Poles

140 thousand

10.8%

~70-thousand

46%

5.8%

Other groups

25 thousand

1.9%

~12 thousand

48%

1%

Roma (Gypsies)

23 thousand

1.6%

~21 thousand

91.3%

1.7%

Soviet POWs

15 thousand

1.2%

~14 thousand

93%

1.3%

Total

~1.3 million

 

~1.1 million

85%

 

 

Jews deported to Auschwitz according to their country of origin

(according to the pre-1939 borders)

 

Country of origin

Number

Hungary (according to the borders during the war)

430 thousand

Poland

300 thousand

France

69 thousand

The Netherlands

60 thousand

Greece

55 thousand

The Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia (Theresienstadt)

46 thousand

Concentration camps and other centers

34 thousand

Slovakia (according to the borders during the war)

27 thousand

Belgium

25 thousand

Germany and Austria

23 thousand

Yugoslavia

10 thousand

Italy

7.5 thousand

Norway

690

Total

~ 1.1 mln

 

Prisoners of the Auschwitz concentration camp

The Germans imprisoned approximately 400 thousand people in the Auschwitz concentration camp:

  • 200 thousand Jews (50% of the total number)
  • 140 thousand Poles (35%)
  • 25 thousand peoples of other nationalities (6%)
  • 21 thousand Roma (5%)
  • 12 thousand Soviet captives (4%)

Among the 25 thousand people of different nationalities the most numerous were the Czech (9 thousand), followed by: Belarussians (6 thousand), Germans (4 thousand), French (4 thousand), Russians (1.5 thousand), Yugoslavians (mostly Slovenians but also Croatians and Serbs) and Ukrainians.

Small numbers (several to several dozen persons) of people of the following nationalities were also imprisoned in the camp: Albanian, Belgium, Danish, Greek, Hungarian, Italian, Latvian, Lithuanian, Luxembourg, Dutch, Norwegian, Romanian, Slovakian, Spanish and Swiss (alphabetical order not reflecting the actual numbers).

Prisoners of Auschwitz concentration camp

 

Nationality

Number

Jews

200 thousand

Poles

140 thousand

Roma

21 thousand

Soviet captives

12 thousand

Czech

9 thousand

Belarussian

6 thousand

German

4 thousand

French

4 thousand

Russian

1.5 thousand

Yugoslavian

800

Ukrainian

500

Other

200

Total

~ 400 thousand

 (Mini dictionary of terms from the history of Auschwitz)